Libraries which have implemented wireless tend to approach the service as an extension of their current philosophies of service. The decisions are based on demographics, local values, finances and ability to support the service.

Because of the way wireless networks can be designed, here are two common approaches to wireless as a service:

Wireless is a basic service and should remain free and open to the public. There is no charge or authentication needed for a patron to use the wireless.

Wireless is a resource which should be limited to patron use only. Patrons can only use the network after authenticating that they are a valid user. Patrons must input their authentication when logging on. Examples include the patron barcode, student identification, etc.

In some cases, libraries may have a more blended approach. For instance a library may provide free access, without authentication, yet use monitoring tools to limit what resources are offered to wireless customers.

When deciding upon implementing wireless, libraries might consider the following:

What is your budget?

Depending upon institution size and goals, implementation costs vary from about $2,000 to up to $40,000 or more.

What is the current network setup?

Is the library on its own network or part of a larger network, such as a city or school network? If the network is shared, your institution will need to discuss options for the wireless network. For instance, to keep the wireless network on the existing network, current and future bandwidth needs will need to be examined. Some libraries using an existing network dedicate a certain amount of bandwidth to the wireless traffic. They also segregate the two networks using VPNs (Virtual Private Networks). An advantage for dedicating a portion of the network to wireless traffic is that should a virus outbreak occur on the wireless network, it can be quickly segmented off so as not to impact the wired or wireless networks.

Can your current network configuration support increased network traffic?

In performing an audit of the existing network, it may be determined that it cannot accommodate any further traffic. In this case, a library might lease a business-class DSL line just for the wireless traffic. Although this is a very attractive solution since all wireless traffic will run on this dedicated service, there are monthly recurring costs associated with the DSL line.

Is there someone who can monitor and troubleshoot the wireless network?

As with any new technology introduced into the library, staff should be knowledgeable about the technology. They should be trained to help the public as well as be able to troubleshoot it should there be any problems. If the library depends upon a technology support person outside the library, a turn-key wireless solution might be the right choice. Alternately, if technology staff is on site, as in-house wireless solution might be a better choice.

How to fund this?

Any wireless solution has one-time costs, and some have recurring costs. Many public libraries ask their Friend of the Library to help with the one-time costs. One-time costs might include the cost of hardware, such as the access points, as well as in-house needs such as new signage and marketing. Recurring costs will include leased DSL lines.